[LintMan]

> "So I woould expect that a population of 20m on a planet with a max population of 200m will be able to produce only 10% of the possible maximum resource output"

I don't know what the numbers really are, but I'm certain it's nowhere near that dramatic an impact. For example, my fully loaded homeworld with 4.8 billion can make a colony ship in 3 turns, while a small colony with only 30 million might take 5 turns to make the ship.

You can see a the production rate for a planet or base ship yard by looking at the top of the production queue window.